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朱蕉Cordyline fruticosa (Linn) A. Chevalier

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2024-12-12 03:10

朱蕉Cordyline fruticosa (Linn) A. Chevalier

别名：tiplant;红叶铁树;朱竹;红叶朱蕉;竹蕉;茱蕉;千年木;铁树;红铁;红叶;红竹;红铁树;牙竹麻;红绿竹;宋竹;

科名：龙舌兰科 Agavaceae

属名：朱蕉属 Cordyline

《中国植物志》第14卷273页
  1. 朱蕉铁树（岭南杂记）图版51: 2
  Cordylie fruticosa (L.) A. Cheval., Cat. Pl. Jard. Bot. Saigon. 66. 1919. ——Convallaria fruticosa L. , Syst. Nat. ed. 10, 2: 984. 1759. ——Asparagus terminalis L. , Sp. Pl. ed. 2, 2: 450. 1762. ——Cordyline terminalis (L.) Kunth in Abh. Akad. Berl. 30. 1820. ——Dracaena ferra L. , Syst. Nat. ed. 12, 2: 246. 1767.——Cordyline terminalis (L.) Kunth var. ferra (L.) Baker in Journ. of Bot. 11: 265. 1873. ——Aletris chinensis Lam., Encycl. 1: 79. 1873.
  灌木状，直立，高1-3米。茎粗1-3厘米，有时稍分枝。叶聚生于茎或枝的上端，矩圆形至矩圆状披针形，长25-50厘米，宽5-10厘米，绿色或带紫红色，叶柄有槽，长10-30厘米，基部变宽，抱茎。圆锥花序长 30-60厘米，侧枝基部有大的苞片，每朵花有3枚苞片；花淡红色、青紫色至黄色，长约1厘米；花梗通常很短，较少长达3-4毫米；外轮花被片下半部紧贴内轮而形成花被筒，上半部在盛开时外弯或反折；雄蕊生于筒的喉部，稍短于花被；花柱细长。花期11月至次年3月。
  广东、广西、福建、台湾等省区常见栽培，供观赏。原产地不详，今广泛栽种于亚洲温暖地区。
  我国广西民间曾用来治咯血、尿血、菌痢等症。

《Flora of China》 Vol. 24 (2000)
Cordyline fruticosa (Linnaeus) A. Chevalier
朱蕉 zhu jiao
Convallaria fruticosa Linnaeus, Herb. Amb. 16. 1754; Aletris chinensis Lamarck; Asparagus terminalis Linnaeus, nom. illeg. (included C. fruticosa); Cordyline terminalis (Linnaeus) Kunth; C. terminalis var. ferrea (Linnaeus) Baker; Dracaena ferrea Linnaeus, nom. illeg. (included C. fruticosa); D. terminalis (Linnaeus) Linnaeus; Taetsia ferrea (Linnaeus) Medikus; T. fruticosa (Linnaeus) Merrill; T. terminalis (Linnaeus) W. Wight ex Safford.
Plants erect, shrubby. Stems simple or sometimes branched, 1--3 m × 1--3 cm. Leaves petiolate; petiole 10--30 cm, channeled adaxially, base dilated, clasping stem and other petiole bases; leaf blade green or variously colored, oblong-lanceolate, elliptic-lanceolate, or narrowly oblong, 25--50 × 5--10 cm, midvein distinct and raised abaxially, apex aristate. Panicle 30--60 cm; branches spreading, 6--13 cm, many flowered. Flowers subsessile or shortly pedicellate; pedicel (if distinct) to 4 mm, subtended by 3 bracteoles; bracteoles ovate, 2--3 mm, margin broadly membranous, apex cuspidate. Perianth reddish, yellowish, or bluish purple; tube 5--6 mm; lobes erect or recurved, nearly as long as tube. Stamens inserted in throat of perianth, scarcely exserted. Fruit reddish, several seeded. Fl. Nov--Mar.
Widely cultivated, sometimes naturalized. Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan [probably native to Pacific Islands but cultivated pantropically].
Some authors have adopted the name Cordyline terminalis instead of C. fruticosa because of the apparent earlier homonym C. fruticosa Goeppinger (1855); however, the latter name was not validly published.