首页分享基于51单片机的环境温湿度光强监测系统proteus仿真原理图PCB

基于51单片机的环境温湿度光强监测系统proteus仿真原理图PCB

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2024-11-30 05:29

功能：
0.本系统采用STC89C52作为单片机
1.系统实时监测当前温湿度/土壤湿度/环境光强并显示
2.温湿度超过设定阈值范围，蜂鸣器响
3.土壤湿度低于设定下限，开启水泵，土壤湿度高于设定上限，关闭水泵
4.环境光强超过设定上限，启动遮阳伞，环境光强低于设定下限，停用遮阳伞
5.四个功能按键按键可修改阈值范围
6.采用DC002作为电源接口可直接输入5V给整个系统供电

原理图：
在这里插入图片描述

PCB ：
在这里插入图片描述

主程序：

#include <reg52.h> //包含头文件，一般情况不需要改动，头文件包含特殊功能寄存器的定义 #include <stdio.h> #include "delay.h" #include "pid.h" #include "tlc0832.h" #include "oled_iic.h" /************************* 宏定义 *************************/ #define ON 0 #define OFF 1 #define FRAME_HEADER 0x1a #define FRAME_FUCTION_TEMP 0x00 //功能位，温度 #define FRAME_FUCTION_TARGET 0x01 //功能位，目标温度 #define FRAME_FUCTION_KP 0x02 //功能位，Kp #define FRAME_FUCTION_KI 0x03 //功能位，Ki #define FRAME_FUCTION_KD 0x04 //功能位，Kd #define FRAME_FUCTION_TEMP_MIN 0x05 //功能位，温度下限 #define FRAME_FUCTION_TEMP_MAX 0x06 //功能位，温度上限 #define FRAME_FUCTION_ADDR 0x07 //功能位，通信地址 #define FRAME_END 0x3f /************************* 引脚定义 *************************/ sbit BUZZER = P3^7; sbit L9110_A = P1^3; sbit L9110_B = P1^4; /************************* 变量定义 *************************/ PID_Calibration_Def xdata PID_Calibration; //PID结构体 PID_State_Def xdata PID_State; //PID结构体 float xdata temperature; //实际温度 int xdata tempMin = 20; //温度下限 int xdata tempMax = 50; //温度上限 char xdata dis0[16]; //定义显示区域临时存储数组 bit refreshFlag = 1; //刷新标志 unsigned char setIndex = 0; unsigned char PWMCnt = 0; unsigned char address = 0; //通信地址 /************************* 函数声明 *************************/ void Timer0_Init(void); //函数声明 void KeyProcess(void); //按键处理 void Set_PID_Parameter(void); //PID参数初始化 void UART_Init(void); //串口初始化 void UART_SendByte(unsigned char dat); //串口发送单字节数据 // void UART_SendStr(unsigned char *s, unsigned char length); //发送定长度字符串 void SendData(unsigned char address, float temperature); //串口发送数据 void main(void) { /************************* 初始化 *************************/ Timer0_Init(); OLED_Init(); UART_Init(); Set_PID_Parameter(); /************************* 主循环 *************************/ while (1) { temperature = 100 * (float)ReadADC(AIN0_GND) / 255; //温度转换 20℃/V PID_State.actual = temperature; //当前温度 // PID PID_State = PID_Increament(PID_Calibration, PID_State); if (PWMCnt <= PID_State.output) //占空比调节 { L9110_A = 1; L9110_B = 0; } else { L9110_A = 0; L9110_B = 1; } if (refreshFlag == 1) //定时刷新屏幕 { refreshFlag = 0; sprintf(dis0,"T:%5.1f", temperature); OLED_ShowString(8, 0, dis0, FONT_1608); //显示温度 OLED_ShowWord(8*8, 0, 0); //显示摄氏度 SendData(address, temperature*10); sprintf(dis0," S:%3d", (int)PID_State.target); //显示目标温度 OLED_ShowString(10*8, 0, dis0, FONT_1608); sprintf(dis0," MIN:%3d MAX:%3d", tempMin, tempMax); //显示温度下限，温度上限 OLED_ShowString(0, 2, dis0, FONT_1608); sprintf(dis0," P:%3d I:%3d %3d", (int)PID_Calibration.kp, (int)PID_Calibration.ki, (int)PID_State.output); //显示Kd,Ki,PWM输出 OLED_ShowString(0, 4, dis0, FONT_1608); sprintf(dis0," D:%3d ADDR:%2d", (int)PID_Calibration.kd, (int)address); //显示Kd，通信地址 OLED_ShowString(0, 6, dis0, FONT_1608); //显示设定位置 if (setIndex == 0) { OLED_ShowChar(10*8, 0, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(0, 2, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(8*8, 2, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(0, 4, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(6*8, 4, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(0, 6, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(6*8, 6, ' ', FONT_1608); } else if (setIndex == 1) { OLED_ShowChar(0, 0, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(10*8, 0, '>', FONT_1608); } else if (setIndex == 2) { OLED_ShowChar(10*8, 0, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(0, 2, '>', FONT_1608); } else if (setIndex == 3) { OLED_ShowChar(0, 2, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(8*8, 2, '>', FONT_1608); } else if (setIndex == 4) { OLED_ShowChar(8*8, 2, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(0, 4, '>', FONT_1608); } else if (setIndex == 5) { OLED_ShowChar(0, 4, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(6*8, 4, '>', FONT_1608); } else if (setIndex == 6) { OLED_ShowChar(6*8, 4, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(0, 6, '>', FONT_1608); } else if (setIndex == 7) { OLED_ShowChar(0, 6, ' ', FONT_1608); OLED_ShowChar(6*8, 6, '>', FONT_1608); } if (temperature < tempMin || temperature > tempMax) //高于温度上限，或低于温度下限 { BUZZER = 0; //打开蜂鸣器 } else { BUZZER = 1; //关闭蜂鸣器 } } KeyProcess(); } } void Set_PID_Parameter(void) { PID_Calibration.kp = 100; PID_Calibration.ki = 20; PID_Calibration.kd = 10; PID_State.actual = 0; PID_State.target = 35; PID_State.integral = 0; PID_State.last_error = 0; PID_State.previous_error = 0; PID_State.output = 0; } void Timer0_Init(void) { TMOD &= 0xF0; //使用模式1，16位定时器，使用"|"符号可以在使用多个定时器时不受影响 TMOD |= 0x01; //使用模式1，16位定时器，使用"|"符号可以在使用多个定时器时不受影响TL0 = 0x00;//设置定时初值TH0 = 0xEE;//设置定时初值 5ms PT0 = 1; //设置高优先级 EA = 1; //总中断打开 ET0 = 1; //定时器中断打开 TR0 = 1; //定时器开关打开 } void Timer0_isr(void) interrupt 1 { static unsigned int numCount = 0;TL0 = 0x66;//设置定时初始值TH0 = 0xFC;//设置定时初始值 1ms numCount++; if (numCount > 200) { numCount = 0; refreshFlag = 1; } if (PWMCnt < 100) { PWMCnt++; } else { PWMCnt = 1; //一个周期结束 } } void SendData(unsigned char address, float temperature) { UART_SendByte(FRAME_HEADER); //发送帧头 UART_SendByte(address); //发送地址 UART_SendByte(FRAME_FUCTION_TEMP); //发送功能位，温度 UART_SendByte(0x02); //发送数据长度位 UART_SendByte((unsigned char)((((int)temperature)>>8) & 0x00ff)); //发送数据内容高字节 UART_SendByte((unsigned char)(((int)temperature) & 0x00ff)); //发送数据内容低字节 UART_SendByte(FRAME_END); //发送帧尾 } /************************* 串口配置 *************************/ void UART_Init(void) {SCON = 0x50;TH2 = 0xFF;TL2 = 0xFD;RCAP2H = 0xFF; //(65536-(FOSC/32/BAUD)) BAUD = 9600 FOSC = 11059200RCAP2L = 0xDC; // RCAP2H = 0xFF; //(65536-(FOSC/32/BAUD)) BAUD = 115200 FOSC = 11059200 //RCAP2L = 0xFD;/*****************/TCLK = 1;RCLK = 1;C_T2 = 0;EXEN2 = 0;/*****************/TR2 = 1;ES = 1; //打开串口中断EA = 1; //打开总中断 } /************************* 串口发送字节 *************************/ void UART_SendByte(unsigned char dat) //串口发送单字节数据 {unsigned char time_out;time_out = 0;SBUF = dat; //将数据放入SBUF中while ((!TI) && (time_out < 100)) //检测是否发送出去{time_out++;DelayUs10x(2);}//未发送出去进行短暂延时TI = 0; //清除ti标志 } ///************************* 串口发送字符串 *************************/ //void UART_SendStr(unsigned char *s, unsigned char length) //{ //unsigned char num; //num = 0x00; //while (num < length) //发送长度对比 //{ //UART_SendByte(*s); //放松单字节数据 //s++; //指针++ //num++; //下一个++ //} //} /************************* 串口中断 *************************/ void UART_Interrupt(void) interrupt 4 //串行中断服务程序 { static unsigned char i = 0; static unsigned char firstBit = 0; static unsigned char R_buf[6]; if (RI)//判断是接收中断产生 { RI = 0; //标志位清零 TR0 = 0; //SBUF = SBUF; if (SBUF == FRAME_HEADER) //检查到帧头 { firstBit = 1; //接收标志成功 i = 0; R_buf[1] = 0; R_buf[2] = 0; R_buf[3] = 0; R_buf[4] = 0; R_buf[5] = 0; } if (firstBit == 1) { R_buf[i] = SBUF; i++; if (i == 6) { i = 0; if (R_buf[0] == FRAME_HEADER && R_buf[5] == FRAME_END) //检测到帧头和帧尾 { if (R_buf[1] == address) //地址对应 { if (R_buf[2] == FRAME_FUCTION_TARGET && R_buf[3] == 0x01) //功能位和数据长度 { if (R_buf[4] <= 100 && R_buf[4] >= 10) { PID_State.target = R_buf[4]; } } else if (R_buf[2] == FRAME_FUCTION_KP && R_buf[3] == 0x01) { if (R_buf[4] <= 100) { PID_Calibration.kp = R_buf[4]; } } else if (R_buf[2] == FRAME_FUCTION_KI && R_buf[3] == 0x01) { if (R_buf[4] <= 100) { PID_Calibration.ki = R_buf[4]; } } else if (R_buf[2] == FRAME_FUCTION_KD && R_buf[3] == 0x01) { if (R_buf[4] <= 100) { PID_Calibration.kd = R_buf[4]; } } else if (R_buf[2] == FRAME_FUCTION_TEMP_MIN && R_buf[3] == 0x01) { if (R_buf[4] < tempMax && R_buf[4] >= 0) { tempMin = R_buf[4]; } } else if (R_buf[2] == FRAME_FUCTION_TEMP_MAX && R_buf[3] == 0x01) { if (R_buf[4] <= 100 && R_buf[4] > tempMin) { tempMax = R_buf[4]; } } else if (R_buf[2] == FRAME_FUCTION_ADDR && R_buf[3] == 0x01) { if (R_buf[4] <= 16) { address = R_buf[4]; } } } } firstBit = 0; } } TR0 = 1; } if (TI)//判断是发送中断产生 { TI = 0; //标志位清零 } }

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仿真演示视频：
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1qW4y1v7Yq/

实物演示视频：
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV16W4y1v7tL/