首页分享微生物菌肥与氮磷肥回补对退化高寒草甸土壤理化性质和酶活性的影响

微生物菌肥与氮磷肥回补对退化高寒草甸土壤理化性质和酶活性的影响

来源：花匠小妙招时间：2025-10-16 03:02

摘要：

土壤质量下降是中度退化高寒草甸恢复的一个关键性限制原因, 同时, 不合理的氮磷肥施用对青藏高原生物多样性具有显著的负效应。然而, 目前针对青藏高原中度退化高寒草甸土壤质量提升技术仍缺乏系统研究。因此, 该研究以青藏高原中度退化高寒草甸为研究对象, 在氮磷肥配施耦合微生物菌肥的处理下, 对不同处理的植物群落特征、土壤理化性质及酶活性进行了研究, 以探究最佳的中度退化高寒草甸土壤质量提升技术。结果表明, 氮磷肥和微生物菌肥对土壤pH、酸性磷酸酶活性无显著影响, 但均显著提高了地上生物量, 并对土壤养分相关指标、电导率、碳氮磷循环相关酶活性的影响存在显著的交互作用。综合分析可知, 施用氮磷肥和微生物菌肥均对中度退化高寒草甸有明显的恢复作用, 微生物菌肥施用可改善土壤多功能性, 而氮磷肥配施微生物菌肥的处理效果优于单施氮磷肥。在配施微生物菌肥225 kg·hm-2的处理下, 45 kg·hm-2氮添加量配施20 kg·hm-2磷添加量的处理作用最佳。该研究结果为促进青藏高原中度退化的高寒退化草甸修复, 改善生态系统服务功能提供科学依据。

关键词: 土壤肥力, 酶活性, 土壤多功能性, 微生物菌肥, 高寒草甸

Abstract:

Aims Declining soil quality is one of the key limiting factors for recovery in moderately degraded alpine meadows. Furthermore, the irrational application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers has a significant negative effect on the biodiversity of the Qingzang Plateau. However, there have been limited studies on the soil quality improvement techniques for moderately degraded alpine meadows on the Qingzang Plateau from a systematic perspective. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers and microbial fertilizers on soil chemical properties and enzyme activities in moderately degraded alpine meadows.

Methods This study investigated the plant community characteristics, soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities of different treatments under different treatments, including nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers coupled with microbial fertilizers, in moderately degraded alpine meadows on the Qingzang Plateau.

Important findings The results indicated that both nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, when coupled with microbial fertilizers, significantly increased aboveground biomass. A significant interaction was observed in the effects on soil nutrient-related indexes, conductivity, and enzyme activities associated with carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling. Overall, the application of both nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers, in combination with microbial fertilizers, demonstrated clear restoration effects on moderately degraded alpine meadows. Microbial fungal fertilizers were found to enhance soil multifunctionality, and the combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, and microbial fertilizers yielded better results than the application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers alone. The optimal physiological response was observed with the application of 45 kg·hm-2nitrogen, 20 kg·hm-2 phosphorus, and 225 kg·hm-2microbial fertilizers. These findings provide a scientific basis for promoting the restoration of moderately degraded alpine degraded meadows on the Qingzang Plateau and enhancing ecosystem service functions.

Key words: soil fertility, enzyme activity, soil versatility, microbial fertilizer, alpine meadow