厄瓜多尔纳波省两种棕榈属植物花朵访客的多样性
摘要
在厄瓜多尔,在安第斯山脉山麓和亚马逊排水良好的陆地森林之间,有两种有用的棕榈树,即 Oenocarpus bataua 和 O. mapora,它们主要在大小上有所不同。这两种棕榈树都受到砍伐森林、土地转为农业用地和畜牧业用地的负面影响,改变了生态系统的结构和功能。因此,需要制定管理和恢复计划。为了增进当地对这两个物种的了解,我们在 2021 年和 2022 年花季期间,在那坡省的 9 个地点研究了这两个物种访花者的多样性。我们采集了 16 个花序,测量了每个花序的长度、轴数和花朵数,并将其与花朵访客的丰富度和丰度相关联。最后,我们计算了物种之间的相似性指数,并建立了一个交互作用网络,以观察它们的花序和访花者之间的关联。我们发现了 89 个形态种的访花者,其中 77 个在 O. bataua,51 个在 O. mapora,19 个形态种是潜在的授粉者,因为它们在雄蕊期和雌蕊期都很活跃。这是首次报道亚马逊西部的 O. mapora 的访花者,它与 O. bataua 共享 40% 的访花者,这一比例高于之前报道的 O. bataua 与该属其他物种之间的共享比例。雄花期最常见的形态类型有:Discocoris drakei、Notesia sp.2、Andrathobius sp.1、Mystrops vasquezi;雌花期最常见的形态类型有:D:D. drakei、A. bicarinatus 和 Phylotrox sp.1。在监测棕榈物种状况和制定保护计划时,应考虑到这些昆虫物种。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Diversity of visitors to the flowers of two palm species of the genus Oenocarpus in the Province of Napo, Ecuador
In Ecuador, between the foothills of the Andes and the well-drained terra firme forests of the Amazon, there are two useful palm species, Oenocarpus bataua and O. mapora, which differ mainly in size. Both species are negatively affected by deforestation and land conversion for agriculture and cattle ranching, altering the structure and functioning of ecosystems. Management and restoration plans are therefore needed. To contribute with local knowledge of the species, we studied the diversity of flower visitors of both species in 9 sites in Napo Province during the flowering seasons of 2021 and 2022. We collected 16 inflorescences and measured the length, number of rachillae and flowers of each and correlated them with the richness and abundance of their floral visitors. Finally, we calculated a similarity index between species and developed an interaction network to observe associations between their inflorescences and flower visitors. We found 89 morphospecies of flower visitors, 77 in O. bataua and 51 in O. mapora, and 19 morphospecies are potential pollinators because they are active during the staminate and pistillate phases. This is the first report of flower visitors of O. mapora in western Amazonia, and it shared 40% of flower visitors with O. bataua, which is a higher percentage than previously reported between O. bataua and other species of the genus. The most common morphotypes in the staminate phase were Discocoris drakei, Notesia sp.2, Andrathobius sp.1, Mystrops vasquezi, and in the pistillate phase: D. drakei, A. bicarinatus and Phylotrox sp.1. These insect species should be taken into consideration when monitoring the status of the palm species and for conservation plans.
相关知识
厄瓜多尔纳波省两种棕榈属植物花朵访客的多样性
世界生物多样性
棕榈树(棕榈科棕榈属植物)
棕榈属
婆婆纳属Veronica:车前草科植物分类与常见物种解析
【棕榈属植物】
花叶芋属
照波(黄花照波,黄照波,三时草):番杏科照波属多肉植物
两种水蕨属植物的分布及其应用价值
棕榈属Trachycarpus
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